Hawk moths in my yard in #DavisCA

(Originally posted on my DavisCalifornia blog but I am consolidating blogs now so moved it here).

Just a few pics I got tonight ... finally learning how to use my flash.

Photos taken with a Nikon D90 camera, Speedlight SB-910 flash and a Nikkor AF-S 105 mm Micro lens.

Please make it stop - overselling the microbiome award for rugby, exercise, microbiome stories

Update added 11/2/14 - for all my posts on Overselling the Microbiome go here. 

Well, I think today's lesson is, many people, including many scientists and science reporters, just do not get that there is a difference between correlation and causation.  I know - this is like beating a dead horse since many write about this issue.  But it just needs to be called out every time until it stops.  And today's fun comes from stories and the original research articles about how exercise supposedly alters the gut microbiome.

I was pointed to this just a few minutes ago on Twitter:

Seems like more appropriate title would b "rugby players have different diets" http://t.co/nzNsnHCYtA @phylogenomics

— Bernat Olle (@bernatolle) June 10, 2014

In this Tweet Bernat Olle points to a "news" story in Medpage Today: Exercise Boosts Gut Microbiome Diversity by Kristina Fiore.   Well, so of course I started digging around.  And, not surprisingly, the study that this is based on shows absolutely no causal connection between exercise and the gut microbiome.  The study is in the journal "Gut": Exercise and associated dietary extremes impact on gut microbial diversity.  And here is what they did:

• They selected subjects - 40 "elite" rugby players.
• They identified healthy male "controls" with similar age and size and from similar place. 
• Then they collected faecal and blood samples from participants and did surveys about their nutrition and clinical data.
• Among many measurements, they did 16S sequencing from the fecal samples
• Then they did some bioinformatics and found differences between the rugby players and the controls in many features including microbiomes.

And amazingly, from this they report, in their abstract

The results provide evidence for a beneficial impact of exercise on gut microbiota diversity but also indicate that the relationship is complex and is related to accompanying dietary extremes.

Discussion of new pathogen discovery papers

Interesting discussion yesterday with authors of new pathogen discovery papers. I will try to write more about this later but am heading out the door so this Storify will have to do for now.

ASUCD (Associated Students, #UCDavis) Excellence in Education Awards

Very proud of this.  I was a finalist in the "Excellence in Education" awards given out by the UC Davis Undergraduate group ASUCD Associated Students, University of California, Davis. And David Coil, Project Scientist in my lba was another finalist. The award for my college (College of Biological Sciences) went to Jay Rosenheim, who is a great teacher, so no shame in losing to him.

Just got back from @ASUCDofficial Excellence in Education awards - check out @davidacoil - one of the finalists pic.twitter.com/AMOztcwApx
— Jonathan Eisen (@phylogenomics) June 3, 2014

Oh and here is another finalist for the @ASUCDofficial Excellence in Education awards - me - pic.twitter.com/OKwBEdRUWH
— Jonathan Eisen (@phylogenomics) June 3, 2014

Some more pics from the @ASUCDofficial Excellence in Education awards https://t.co/aQaLv18u7p #ucdavis
— Jonathan Eisen (@phylogenomics) June 3, 2014

 Anyway - here are some pics.

One of the ASUCD members doing introductions

Another ASUCD

David Coil getting is certificate

Hey, that's me

Jay Rosenheim getting his certificate

Love this - The Aggie Transcript #UCDavis Undergraduate Life Sciences Journal

I just love things like this: The Aggie Transcript | An undergraduate life sciences journal at UC Davis.  From their site:

The Aggie Transcript is is a forum for undergraduate UC Davis students to share news, original writing, and art related to the life sciences.

Here are some recent posts:

• Mapping neurons through online gaming by Jenny Cade
• Evolution of Tooth Ename by Marisa Sanchez
• New Target For Alzheimer’s Treatment by David Ivanov
• Is your spit making you fat? by Daniel Friedman
• Viral Evolution by Ashlee Chang
• The hunter-gatherer gut microbiome by Jenny Cade

What a great idea.

CAMERA metagenomics resource is shutting down

Just got this email and thought it would be of interest to many out there.

Thank you for being a CAMERA user during its operation as a resource for
environmental genomics. During the past few years, CAMERA has been able to
offer a number of important community resources, including an exceptionally
well curated environmental genomic database, the ability for researchers to
deposit molecular sequence datasets with associated environmental
parameters (metadata), open access to computational resources to enable
metagenomic comparisons, educational resources, and helpdesk services.
These efforts have been funded through the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation (GBMF) Marine Microbiology Initiative and the National Science
Foundation to serve the needs of the marine microbiology community and
other users.
In particular, the CAMERA compute resources, which include large-scale
BLAST capabilities and other workflow-enabled analysis capabilities
(RAMMCAP), were generously supported by the GBMF, the San Diego
Supercomputer Center, the NSF XSEDE program, and commercial Cloud computing
resource providers (CODONiS).
Due to the termination of GBMF support, CAMERA can no longer accommodate
the computational needs of the community. Therefore, starting July 1, 2014,
CAMERA will begin to shut down the CAMERA portal and will no longer accept
any new workflow submissions. The results of workflows submitted by July 1,
2014 will be available to users through July 15th. Urgent requests for the
temporary use of CAMERA workflow resources beyond July 1, 2014 will be
considered on a case-by-case basis.
If you are a current or prior CAMERA user and would like to retrieve
personal data from the system, we strongly encourage you to do so now.
As announced earlier this year, CAMERA will continue to maintain free and
open access to its rich collection of curated data and metadata via the
CAMERA Data Distribution Center (DDC), which includes links to the Marine
Microbial Eukaryote Transcriptome Sequencing Project. In conjunction with
the portal shutdown, CAMERA will also no longer accept user data
submissions past July 1st (but data submissions currently in progress will
be completed and made available via the DDC).
Please contact us at camera-info@calit2.net regarding matters pertaining to
the use of CAMERA.
Thank you so much for your support and participation!

Gulp - a good book for those into, well, our insides

On Saturday I went into downtown Davis, CA with my kids to get them haircuts and then to get a present for one of their friends for a birthday party. We decided to get a present at Avid Reader downtown. And after looking for the gift and for some books for my kids I decided I wanted to check out their science section. And I came up with a present for myself too

I have decided today is "Support a Science Writer" day - just bought "Gulp" by @mary_roach pic.twitter.com/A82dAfwZ88

— Jonathan Eisen (@phylogenomics) May 24, 2014

And then started reading it. It is quite good.

Loving Gulp by @mary_roach - something to laugh at & learn about on every page (best parts to me are the footnotes) pic.twitter.com/Ye6KxDVZNF

— Jonathan Eisen (@phylogenomics) May 25, 2014

On top of reading the book I have been checking out some interviews with the author Mary Roach. Quite entertaining. For example I was pointed to one on Twitter:

@phylogenomics @missmolamola Hear podcast w/ M. Roach on Gulp, Stiff, Packing for Mars and more http://t.co/xiyh1vZqTz

— Charles Margulis (@kvetchingguru) May 25, 2014

And I then remembered I had been pointed to another via email a while back by Steve Faith at UC Davis:  A Brief Tour Of The Alimentary Canal, From Spit To You Know What : Shots - Health News : NPR.
Still not done with the book but if you want a great read about our insides - I recommend Gulp by Mary Roach very highly.

Local elections in Davis, Yolo County and California are apparently a way for junk mail to be distributed. What a waste.

Well, the local elections in Davis, Yolo County and California are as far as I can tell mostly a way for junk mail to be distributed. What a waste.

Registered for #ASM2014 but could not go; meeting sounded good; but annoyed ASM sold my info to advertisers

Very annoyed with the American Society for Microbiology right now as I have been collecting some of the junk mail I got associated with the meeting.  I presume that ASM sold my information to these advertisers.  I did not explicitly give permission for them to do that.  Not good.

Overselling the microbiome award - many - for stories about placental vs. oral microbiomes

A few days ago on Twitter I was pointed to a news story about the human microbiome:

There's bacteria in the placenta, similar to those in mouth. But the oral hygiene msg seems hugely premature to me. http://t.co/WfVWfMpCT4

— Ed Yong (@edyong209) May 21, 2014

I looked at the article and definitely agreed with Ed. So I responded

well @edyong209 that is not the only issue w/ that article

— Jonathan Eisen (@phylogenomics) May 21, 2014

And then a mini conversation happened

@phylogenomics Tell me more.
— Ed Yong (@edyong209) May 21, 2014

I think @edyong209 @phylogenomics are right, and besides lots of more testable good reasons to brush your teeth before bed.

— Nick Loman (@pathogenomenick) May 21, 2014

@phylogenomics Is it the implicit assumption that the presence of bacteria in the placenta is a bad thing? Cos that annoyed me too

— Ed Yong (@edyong209) May 21, 2014

well @edyong209 1) is this a living microbiome or just DNA? 2) adaptationism in giving "purpose" 3) no mention of prior work

— Jonathan Eisen (@phylogenomics) May 21, 2014

@phylogenomics @edyong209 Re point 3, from 9 months ago-- http://t.co/o79GA2QbUC
— carlzimmer (@carlzimmer) May 21, 2014

.@phylogenomics @edyong209 given human history and oral health, if impacts pregnancy so much, how are any humans still alive and reproducing
— Dr. SPONCH (@SponchPhD) May 21, 2014

@edyong209 @phylogenomics bacteria are bad everywhere right?
— Vincent J. Lynch (@VinJLynch) May 21, 2014

And I pondered writing up an "overselling the microbiome award" but I got caught up in other things. And then today some people (including Jens Walter) pointed me to this New York Times article about the same topic: Study Sees Bigger Role for Placenta in Newborns’ Health - NYTimes.com. And I decided I had to write something up because too many news stories were not doing a great job with the science here.

Quick Post - Interview of me is up on the Story Exchange re: #WomenInSTEM especially at conferences

Thanks to the Story Exchange and Candice Helfand for featuring me and the issue of Women in Science on their blog.  Here is a link to the interview she did with me a few days ago that she just posted:  Welcoming Women at STEM Conferences - and Beyond | The Story Exchange.  The interview discusses not only some of the reasons to care about diversity in science and at science meetings, but also how I got interested in the topic in the first place.

For some other background on my work and posts in this area see this page with a compilation of my Posts on diversity (gender, etc) in science.

Some selected ones are below:

• Pete Seeger, RIP, on women in engineering - The Tree of Life
• Important new paper on impact of having women as conveners on gender ratio of speakers
• Diversity (of speakers, participants) at meetings: do something about it
• Storified tweets from the #UCDavisADVANCE Symposium on Increasing Diversity of STEM Faculty
• Perhaps this meeting should be renamed "Of Microbiomes and Men" ....
• Another genomics meeting featuring men men men and men: International Forum on "Genomics, Innovation and economic growth"
• Important read for those interested in gender, family & academia: Do Babies Matter
• Q-Bio conference in Hawaii, bring your surfboard & your Y chromosome b/c they don't take a XX
• YAMMGM - yet another mostly male genomics meeting (series): Plant Genomic Congresses by Global Engage
• ICG Europe starts w/ "Omics & the future of man" & sticks to men the rest of the time

May 23 at #UCDavis - Wikipedia editathon about women in science and academia

Phoebe Ayers, librarian extraordinaire at UC Davis is running another Wikipedia Editathon on women in science and academia.  See Wikipedia:GLAM/University of California Davis Libraries.  It will be May 23.  The last one went quite well.  I had posted a few announcements here and there (e.g., Wanted - participants and helpers for a "Women in Science Editathon) about the previous one that was inspired by Dawn Sumner and run by Phoebe.  These are good ways not only to help promote women in science but also to learn a bit about Wikipedia and about some female scientists.

Not protesting this commencement address: Nancy Hopkins at BU on Gender Bias in STEM

Thank you Paula Olsiewski for pointing me to this: Boston University’s 141st Commencement Baccalaureate Address: Nancy Hopkins.  It is the text of the commencement address that Nancy Hopkins gave at BU on Monday.  And it is really worth reading.  Or watching.

And fortunately BU has posted video of the talk




In the talk Hopkins discusses her work in biology and the subtle and overt gender bias she has seen. Hopkins is quite an amazing person. For more about her see

• Biography in PNAS
• Wikipedia page
• MIT Biology page

Also see a talk by Hopkins at U. Chicago from 2011 at a colloqiuium on advancing women in science and engineering. 

Lab meeting at Yolo Basin - science should be fun ...

Was both a very good and a very bad day yesterday.  I will leave out the bad here other than to say that a close relative was diagnosed with a very bad cancer.  Fortunately, I had already planned to have my lab meeting (in picnic format) out at Yolo Basin Wildlife area and so I had to soldier on.  I scouted out the Yolo Basin in the early AM (after dropping my mom off at the airport).  And during the scouting trip I saw all sorts of cool wildlife.  Some of the pics are below:

Coyote hunting rodents off in the distance

Ring necked pheasant

And then I headed on over to where we were going to have the picnic (to make sure they were not doing any construction work near there as I had seen trucks there a few days before).  And on the way to the parking lot I saw some otter poop in the road.  It seemed very very fresh.  So I slowed down (to even less than the 15 MPH I was going) and then I saw them.

Two otters.  Just a few feet in front of me.  Playing.  They eyed me suspiciously, and then headed into the little channel.

Right to be forgotten bill has grave implications for science

Yes, the web can be a quagmire of inaccurate, offensive libelous crap.  But wow - this new ruling about the "right to be forgotten bill" in Europe I think goes too far (e.g., see this story for more info on the bill Google gets 'right to be forgotten' requests hours after EU ruling - Telegraph).  (Quick summary - the ruling basically says that people have the right to request that search engines make it impossible to access   certain links - such as ones to stories the requestor does not like).

I am particularly concerned about how this bill will affect scientific discourse.  Suppose for example that Andrew Wakefield wants criticism of his fraduelent work on vaccines to be expunged from the links that come up in Google searches?  What should Google do there?  What about retracted papers in general?  What is the person behind the paper does not think that retracted papers should appear in searches for that person's name?  This seems to be one of those cases of a very very slippery slope being created to solve a real problem but to solve it in the wrong way.

UPDATE - may not be as big a risk to Science as I thought ...

@phylogenomics Information can't be removed if it's in the public interest. See: http://t.co/FcOKDttRn1
— Debbie Kennett (@DebbieKennett) May 15, 2014

No overselling here - Martin Blaser on the Daily Show discussing Missing Microbes and the human microbiome

Martin Blaser does a good job on the Daily Show discussing the human microbiome and his new book Missing Microbes.

The Daily Show
Get More: Daily Show Full Episodes,Indecision Political Humor,The Daily Show on Facebook

USA Today article on "Your home's odor may be making you sick"

Quick post - just saw this Tweet from the Airmid Healthgroup

Your home's odor may be making you sick; microbial volatile organic compounds http://t.co/8M7U84L5Oi via @USATODAY

— Airmid Healthgroup (@AirmidHealth) May 13, 2014

It points to a story in USA Today that may be of interest - Your home's odor may be making you sick.  It is about the work on Joan Bennett and researchers from Rutgers and Emory.  I don't have time to dig into it right now but perhaps others do.




UPDATE 5 minutes later
Oops - posted to the wrong blog. First time I have done this. This was supposed to go to microBEnet. I have posted it there now.

My beloved cat companion Annapurna passed away this AM; I will love and miss her forever

Bad days evaporate into nothingness with a warm cat pic.twitter.com/x5U8v9Z2Wj
— Jonathan Eisen (@phylogenomics) February 27, 2014

Well, crap - crap does a crappy job as a treatment sometimes (re: fecal trasnplants and IBD)

Well, this seems like seriously big news in the microbiome world: Fecal Tx Flunks IBD Test but Optimism High.  Charles Bankhead reports on results presented at the "Digestive Disease Week" meeting.  At the meeting Paul Moayyedi from McMaster University reported that a clinical trial of fecal microbial transplants (FMT for short) was stopped midway through the trial due to "lack of efficacy".  More specifically Bankhead reports

The investigators found no significant differences in the primary outcome or any of the secondary outcomes, which included the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire and the EQ5D health status assessment

The researcher seems enthusiastic about FMT still but certainly this means that FMT for IBD is not going to be like FMT for CDiff (just wanted to make sure I got in a lot of abbreviations there).  I am sure there will be much more to come on FMT and it would be good to see more detail on what was presented at the meeting (a paper, or poster, or such).  But for now, this hopefully will temper some of the overselling of FMT that is going around (e.g., Overselling the microbiome award: Mercola/Perlmutter on fecal transplants for severe neurological dysfunction).

---

Related posts:

• Posts tageed "overselling the microbiome"
• Posts tagged "overselling the microbiome award"
• Posts tagged fecal transplants
• Posts tagged fecal bacteriotherapy
• Transfaunation and Fecal Transplants: What Goes Around Comes Around, Literally and Figuratively
• #PLoSOne paper on the "horse #microbiome" and colitis; wonder if they will study 'poo tea'
• Human microbiome story of the month: OpenBiome fecal bank for fecal transplants
• Just in time for #ASM2013 - FDA adding regulations for fecal transplants #microbiome
• Must read microbiome paper of the month: defined microbioata treatment of Cdiff infections
• Got poo?: Clinical trial on fecal transplants (aka fecal bacteriotherapy) to treat C. difficile infections
• More (you know you wanted it) on fecal transplants and the microbiome

Suggestion of the week: Create Project Specific Pages on ImpactStory #AltMetrics

So - I have been doing a little "hacking" of the Impact Story system to create pages specific for individual projects rather than for me or other researchers.  I did this last week for my microBEnet project: Made a project page (hack?) for microBEnet on ImpactStory.  And been playing around with the concept some more.

For example see this page I made for the "iSEEM2: Environmental Niche Atlas" project that is a collaboration between my lab and the lab of Katie Pollard at UCSF (supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation).  To do this, I registered a new account in ImpactStory (with the first name i and last name SEEM2; using an alternative email address I have). I then used the "upload individual products" and loaded up Pubmed IDs, DOIs, Github web addresses, Slideshare web addresses and more.  And Voila I get I nice page with Altmetrics for our project rather than for myself.

Now I have not loaded everything done on this project yet, but already this is a helpful way to post results from our project and look at some of their metrics. I also updated the website for the project: http://iseem2.wordpress.com.

I think making such project specific pages will end up being useful in many ways. I discovered one this AM in an email I got from Impact Story.  I have appended it below.  Turns out they give weekly updates on how your metrics have changed for that week.  This is the best thing I have seen regarding "Alt Metrics" anywhere.  Very very useful.  Still not sure if this is an "acceptable" use of ImpactStory but I figure they should be OK with it.

Bad microbiology reporting of the month award: C-Net on IBM "Sequencing the City" meeting

Well, I am still really annoyed by this unbearable article on C-Net yesterday: IBM sees big opportunity in sequencing microbes by Daniel Terdiman.  The article is about this "Sequencing the City" meeting organized by IBM that was on Tuesday and Wednesday.  I talked at the meeting on Tuesday (I could not go on Wednesday).  For more about my talk see: What to do when you realize the meeting you are speaking at is a YAMMM (yet another mostly male meeting)?.  But I am not criticizing the meeting here.  I am criticizing the article in C-Net which has many many flaws. For example consider:

According to James Kaufman, a research manager at the Almaden Research Center, the move to study metagenomics -- the study of systems of micro-organisms -- came from what he called a tipping point in big data. As more and more government-funded institutions study organisms and bacteria, they've collected more information about them, and submitted much of their work to centralized databases. "So there's a growing library of genomes across the field of life," Kaufman said. "That made possible metagenomics."

What?  Metagenomics has been around for a long time.  Sure, many people in the field are taking advantage of so called big data, but there was no "tipping point" needed to launch the field.  This is just completely misguided.
And then even worse

The result: We can now look at and understand whole ecosystems at the bacterial level. One example of how that manifests is what IBM refers to as the Human Microbiome Project. According to an IBM document, that's about characterizing "microbial communities found at multiple human body sites to discover correlations between changes in the microbiome with changes in human health."

So - there have been dozens of high profile papers from the Human Microbiome Project.  There are hundreds of web pages with information about the project.  It was started years and years ago.  And the reporter quotes an "IBM document" to tell us what the Human Microbiome Project is?   And even worse the reporter says "what IBM refers to as the Human Microbiome Project" like they ran it / designed it.  Good that they refer to it as the Human Microbiome Project.  You know why?  Because that is what it is known as to all the other $(&@)(* people in the whole (%&# world.

The reporter goes on to write

This kind of work is not entirely new, but the scientists who will be gathering at IBM Research this week are grappling with one conundrum: they don't know what they don't know. So a big topic of conversation, and a big part of what IBM would like to see advanced, is "the ability to do metagenomics on the scale of a city or the world....That will depend on software services available in the cloud," Kaufman said. "It has to be cheap, easy, and accessible from anywhere. That's what we're really good at."

Once again making it seem like IBM is somehow leading this field.  Not to pick on IBM here.  I am glad they organized the meeting.  But either the reporter just got handed a press release from IBM and wrote it up, or did not do any type of background research, or both.  Sure IBM would like to see this.  But so would lots of other people.  Why make this all about IBM?  There are so many people who have done interesting work in the area of "microbiology of the built environment" - why are none of them even discussed?  What exactly is the point of this article if not to simply be a PR piece for IBM?  Aaaaaarg.

Love work of @billgates but "mosquitoes kill more people than people do" is just wrong

I truly love the work Bil Gates and the Gates Foundation have been doing over the last years.  Absolutely wonderful stuff.  But I have a bone (or perhaps a proboscis) to pick with this latest effort: The Deadliest Animal in the World | Bill Gates.  The article discusses some "facts" about how many people different animals kill.  And it uses this to argue for the need for more attention to be placed on mosquitoes.  I agree with the conclusion.  Mosquitoes are a big deal and need much much much more work and attention.  But the data is just, well, not sound.  Here is the problem I have

1. Many of the animals, including mosquitoes, are on the list are there because of the diseases they transmit.  For example, dogs are there (for rabies), and tsetse flies are there for sleeping sickness.  That is, they do not kill people directly but indirectly because of a disease they transmit.

2. If we follow that logic, which I am fine with, then we need to add a whole lot of deaths to the "human" column.  After all, humans transmit a whole heck of a lot of diseases that kill humans.  One source I found has the following #s

• HIV/AIDS: 1.78 million per year
• Tuberculosis: 1.34 million per year
• Flu: 250-500,000 per year
• HAIs: >100,000
• Syphilis: 100,000
• Measles: 600,000

and many many many more.   The totals are probably greater than 5 million per year that are killed by infectious diseases where it was humans who transmitted the agent to other humans.  Way more than the mosquitoes.  Again, I agree with the conclusion.  We need lots more attention on mosquitoes.  But there seems little doubt to me which animal is most responsible for the spread of deadly pathogens to humans.  And that animal is us.

---

UPDATE 5/3

What to do when you realize the meeting you are speaking at is a YAMMM (yet another mostly male meeting)?

I am supposed to be talking at a meeting Tuesday: Almaden Institute 2014: Sequence the City -Metagenomics in the Era of Big Data.

In looking at the agenda for the meeting I am pretty bummed about the gender ratio of speakers. Looks like 18:5 Men to Women. 

• Jeff Welser IBM 
• David Haussler UCSC 
• Daniel Huson Tubingen U 
• Joe DeRisi UCSF 
• Jane Carlton NYU 
• Ajay Royyuru IBM 
• Paula Olsiewski Sloan Foundation 
• Christopher Mentzel Moore Foundation 
• Anne Marie Kimball Gates Foundation 
• Jonathan Eisen UC Davis 
• Jessica Green U Oregon 
• Mark Adams JCVI 
• Eric Alm MIT 
• Raul Andino UCSF 
• Scott Kahn Illumina 
• Mike Lelivelt Ion Torrent 
• Radoje (Rade) Drmanac Complete Genomics 
• Brett Bowman Pacific Biosciences 
• Chris Mason Cornell 
• Bart Weimer UC Davis 
• David Crean Mars 
• Astri Wayadande Oklahoma State U 
• Christopher Elkins FDA

Not sure what to do about this. I am certainly (in a few minutes) going to be writing to the organizers. I am also pondering cancelling talking. I try very hard to be vigilant about gender ratios at meetings and it drives me crazy to see such skews. I know it is not always possible to have meetings have equal representation and I know some people try very hard and do not succeed. But this seems unpleasantly extreme. So - any thoughts or recommendations as to what to do would be appreciated.

---

UPDATE 5/5 -

Overselling the microbiome award: Time Magazine & Martin Blaser for "antibiotics are extinguishing our microbiome"

Well, alas, Time magazine turned what could have been a story about the spread of antibiotic resistance into what appears to be a promotion for Martin Blaser's new book: Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Are Now In Every Part of the World | TIME.com.

The article starts of OK - reporting on the new WHO report on antibiotic resistance.  But then it gets into the microbiome and what antibiotics supposedly do to it.  Some quotes:

"But even more concerning, say experts like Dr. Martin Blaser, director of the human microbiome program at the New York University Langone Medical Center and author of Missing Microbes, is how these antibiotics are affecting the makeup of both good and bad bacteria that live within us – our microbiome. The first big cost of antibiotics is resistance,” he says. “But the other side of the coin is [the fact that] antibiotics are extinguishing our microbiome and changing human development.”

Extinguishing our microbiome?  Really?  The evidence simply does not support such a claim.  I personally think antibiotics may be contributing to messing up the microbiome in many people and that this in turn might be contributing to the increase in a variety of human ailments (e.g., I mentioned this issue in my TED talk and many many times here and elsewhere).  But "extinguishing"?  Not even close.  In fact, many of the published sutdies done so far suggest that the human microbiome is pretty resilient in response to antibiotics.  Really serious overselling of the impact of antiobitcs by Blaser.

And "changing human development?"  Not sure what the evidence for that is either.  Most likely this refers to the role the microbiome plays in immune system development but I am not aware of strong evidence that antibiotics lead to changes in human devleopment.

They then quote Blaser again:

If I prescribe a heart medicine for a patient, that heart medicine is going to affect that patient,” says Blaser. “But if I prescribe an antibiotic, that antibiotic will affect the entire community to some degree. And the effect is cumulative.

Yes antibiotics can affect more than one person because microbes (and resistance) can spread.  But "the effect is cumulative"?  I do not think that has been shown.

Finally, Time (well, Alice Park, the author) states (in relation to limiting overuse of antibiotics)

That may also help to protect our microbiomes, which in turn could slow the appearance of chronic diseases such as obesity, cancer and allergies.

What?  Now antibiotics cause obesity?  And allergies?  And cancer? Sure - there is good reason to think that antibiotic usage plays a role in obesity and allergies.  The evidence is not yet completely overwhelming but it is certainly a reasonable notion.  But how did cancer get thrown in here?